Limitations of DSM-IV operationalizations of alcohol abuse and dependence in a sample of Australian twins.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Alcohol abuse and dependence are among the most common psychiatric conditions identified in epidemiological surveys of the general population. The aim of this article is to examine the psychometric properties of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, (4th ed.; DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) criteria for alcohol abuse and dependence using latent class analysis (LCA). Six thousand two hundred and sixty-five young Australian twins (median age 30 years) were interviewed by telephone between 1996 and 2000 using a modified version of the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA). DSM-IV symptoms of alcohol abuse and dependence were collected by structured diagnostic interview and analyzed using methods of LCA. LCA revealed a 4-class solution for women that classified individuals according to the severity of their alcohol-related problems: no/few problems (66.5%), heavy drinking (23.9%), moderate dependence (7.6%) and severe dependence (2.0%). Among men the preferred solution included 5 classes corresponding to no/few problems (46.4%), heavy drinking (34.3%), moderate dependence (12.2%), severe dependence (3.0%) and abuse (4.0%). Evidence of a male-specific class of alcohol-related problems corresponding to abuse partially supports the DSM conceptualization of alcohol use disorders but suggests that this conceptualization--and measurement--may need to be refined for women. Identification of a male-specific abuse class also has important implications for interventions and treatment as these individuals experienced significant alcohol-related problems and comprised approximately 21% of all men classified with an alcohol use disorder.
منابع مشابه
Genetic and environmental contributions to alcohol abuse and dependence in a population-based sample of male twins.
OBJECTIVE Most twin and adoption studies of alcoholism have ascertained cases through treatment settings or archival data; these subjects may differ from affected subjects identified epidemiologically. The authors studied the importance of genetic influences on risk of alcohol-related disorders in a new population-based twin sample. METHOD Structured personal interviews were used to assess DS...
متن کاملSex differences in the sources of genetic liability to alcohol abuse and dependence in a population-based sample of U.S. twins.
BACKGROUND There are substantial sex differences in all levels of alcohol involvement among U.S. adults. The goal of this study was to test whether the magnitude and sources of genetic and environmental influences on liability for alcohol abuse and dependence differ for men and women. METHODS Structured personal interviews were used to assess DSM-III-R- and DSM-IV-defined alcohol abuse and de...
متن کاملDifferentiating DSM-IV alcohol dependence and abuse by course: community heavy drinkers.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in short-term course between DSM-IV alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence in a community sample of men and women. Eight hundred seventy-six individuals were given a baseline interview that included DSM-IV criteria for alcohol use disorders, and were followed up with a similar interview approximately one year later. Group differences we...
متن کاملPsychometric modeling of cannabis initiation and use and the symptoms of cannabis abuse, dependence and withdrawal in a sample of male and female twins.
BACKGROUND Despite an emerging consensus that the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for cannabis abuse and dependence are best represented by a single underlying liability, it remains unknown if latent class or hybrid models can better explain the data. METHOD Using structured interviews, 7316 adult male and female twins provided complete data on DSM-IV symptoms of cannabis abuse and dependence. Our...
متن کاملA genetic perspective on the proposed inclusion of cannabis withdrawal in DSM-5.
BACKGROUND Various studies support the inclusion of cannabis withdrawal in the diagnosis of cannabis use disorder (CUD) in the upcoming DSM-5. The aims of the current study were to (1) estimate the prevalence of DSM-5 cannabis withdrawal (criterion B), (2) estimate the role of genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in cannabis withdrawal and (3) determine the extent to w...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies
دوره 8 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2005